Egas Moniz

António Caetano de Abreu Freire Egas Moniz is a Portuguese neurologist who served as a professor of neurology at the University of Lisbon from 1911 until his retirement in 1944. He is best known for developing cerebral angiography and the prefrontal leucotomy, a surgical procedure for treating certain psychoses. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1949 for his discovery of the therapeutic value of leucotomy in certain psychoses. He died on December 13, 1955, in Lisbon, Portugal.